Atomic Structure

Ions: Cations, Anions, and Net Charges

Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment and Nucleus

The Bohr Model and Modern Atomic Theory

Quantum Numbers and Atomic Orbitals (s, p, d, f)

Electron Shells and Valence Electrons

Writing Electron Configurations and Orbital Notations

Aufbau Principle, Hund’s Rule, and Pauli Exclusion

Atomic Number, Mass Number, and Nuclide Notation

History of the Atom: Dalton, Thomson, and Electrons

Anatomy of the Atom: Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

Isotopes and Calculating Average Atomic Mass